拯救我的TOEFL写作(Writing) 下载 pdf 百度网盘 epub 免费 2025 电子书 mobi 在线

本书针对托福写作部分，为考生提供全新优化备考方案，包括详尽的托福写作指

导和实用的语料素材。写作指导旨在解决考生在写作中的实际难题，如文章组织、文

章发展和语言组织三大方面的内容，帮助考生开发出自己的写作模板，从而轻松应考；

针对大多考生在写作中的短板，如语言组织过于简单、语料匮乏等情况，本书将托福

历年考题分成8 个大类，为考生提供相关类别的常考话题语料和素材。同时，还给出

超过8 000个常用短语，近20 类、超过200 句常用名言，希望考生能够在平时写作中

反复练习使用，在实战中灵活应用。

目录

Detailed Contents

前言............................................................................................................................i

使用本书..................................................................................................................iii

Chapter 1 托福写作介绍

TOEFL WRITING INTRODUCTION 1

写作部分简介Essay Organization Introduction 3

综合写作简介Integrated Writing Task Introduction 4

综合写作技巧Integrated Writing Skills 7

独立写作简介Essay Organization Introduction 9

独立写作题目总结Independent Writing Task Summary 10

Chapter 2 文章结构

ESSAY ORGANIZATION 19

文章结构介绍Essay Organization Introduction 21

文章开头Opening Paragraph 22

正文结构Body Paragraphs 25

结尾段落Concluding Paragraph 27

Chapter 3 文章发展

ESSAY DEVELOPMENT 29

文章发展介绍Essay Development Introduction 31

因果展开Cause and Effect 32

举例子Giving Examples 36

对比与比较Contrast and Comparison 38

下定义Giving Definition 41

陈述观点Presenting Viewpoints 42

常用过渡语Transitional Words and Phrases 46

Chapter 4 句子构建

SENTENCE CONSTRUCTION 49

基本句型Basic Sentence Types 51

悬挂修饰Dangling Modifier 55

平行结构Parallel Sentence Structure 57

插入语Sentence Interrupter 59

改变句子开头Varying Sentence Openings 60

句子简洁性Writing Concise Sentences 64

句子强调Using Emphatic Pattern 69

改写原文Paraphrase 70

Chapter 5 措辞与语法

WORDING AND GRAMMAR 73

避免非正式用语Avoiding Informal Words 75

避免主观用语Avoiding Personal Language 78

避免用词重复Avoiding Repeating Words 81

避免绝对用语Avoiding Absolute Words 84

避免性别歧视Avoiding Sexist Language 86

避免歧视残障人士Avoiding Offending People with Disabilities 88

主谓一致Subject-Verb Agreement 89

非谓语动词Non-verb 93

单词拼写Common Spelling Errors 99

单词首字母大写Capitalization 107

Chapter 6 功能表达

FUNCTIONAL MATERIAL BANK 109

Chapter 7 语料库：教育与学习

WRITING MATERIAL BANK: EDUCATION AND LEARNING 161

1. The Importance of Education【教育的重要性】163

2. The Benefits of College Education【大学教育的益处】164

3. Technology and Education【科技与教育】166

4. Positive Effects of Technology on Children【技术对儿童的好处】167

5. Negative Effects of Technology on Children【技术对儿童的坏处】168

6. The Importance of Homework【家庭作业的重要性】170

7. Education and Society【教育与社会】171

8. Benefits of Wearing School Uniforms【穿校服的好处】172

9. Benefits of Living on Campus【住校的好处】173

10. Benefits of Extracurricular Activities【课外活动的好处】173

11. Benefits of Small Classes【小班的好处】174

12. Benefits of Studying Abroad【出国留学的好处】174

13. Benefits of Getting Ph.D.【攻读博士学位的好处】176

14. Benefits of All Girls School【女子学校的好处】176

15. Benefits of Standardized Testing【标准化考试的好处】177

16. Negative Effects of Standardized Testing【标准化考试的坏处】178

Chapter 8 语料库：课程与教学

WRITING MATERIAL BANK: CURRICULUM AND TEACHING 181

1. The Importance of Art Education【艺术教育的重要性】183

2. The Benefits of Studying Economics【学习经济的好处】185

3. Benefits of Bilingual Education【双语教育的好处】186

4. Benefits of Learning English【学习英语的好处】186

5. The Benefits of Science Education【学习科学的好处】187

6. The Benefits of History Education【学习历史的好处】189

7. The Benefits of Music Education【音乐教育的好处】191

8. Characteristics of a Good Teacher【好老师的特点】193

9. Teacher and Learning【教师与学习】196

Chapter 9 语料库：环境与保护

WRITING MATERIAL BANK: ENVIRONMENT AND PROTECTION 197

1. Mother Nature【自然母亲】199

2. Protecting Plants【保护植被】201

3. Protecting the Oceans【保护海洋】203

4. Ozone Layer Depletion【臭氧层破坏】204

5. Endangered Species【濒危物种】205

6. Global Warming【全球变暖】206

7. Water Pollution【水污染】207

8. Water Resources【水资源】208

9. Air Pollution【空气污染】208

10. Environment Conservation【环境保护】209

Chapter 10 语料库：科技与生活

WRITING MATERIAL BANK: TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE 211

1. Benefits of Science and Technology【科技的益处】213

2. Negative Effects of Science【科技的弊端】214

3. Science and Life【科学与生活】216

4. Technology and Human Society【科技与人类社会】217

5. Benefits of Automobiles【汽车的好处】218

6. Negative Effects of Automobiles【汽车的坏处】220

7. Benefits of Public Transportation【公共交通的好处】221

8. Benefits of Electric Vehicles【电动车的好处】221

9. About Cellphones【有关手机】222

10. Negative Effects of Cellphones【手机的坏处】223

11. Benefits of Computers【电脑的好处】224

12. Disadvantages of Internet【网络的弊端】225

13. The Importance of Renewable Energy【可再生资源的重要性】227

14. Effects of Conventional Electricity Production【传统发电影响】228

15. Benefits of Wind Energy【风能的好处】229

16. Benefits of Solar Energy【太阳能的好处】230

17. Healthy Life Style【健康生活方式】231

Chapter 11 语料库：休闲与健康

WRITING MATERIAL BANK: LEISURE AND HEALTH 233

1. Benefits of Traveling【旅行的好处】235

2. Benefits of Ecotourism【生态旅游的好处】236

3. Benefits of leisure Time【休闲的好处】237

4. Sports and Health【运动与健康】238

5. Benefits of Physical Exercise【体育锻炼的好处】240

6. Benefits of Sports for Students【运动对学生的好处】241

7. Cycling【自行车】242

8. Singing【唱歌】242

9. Handling Pressure【面对压力】243

Chapter 12 语料库：工作与财富

WRITING MATERIAL BANK: WORK AND WEALTH 245

1. Benefits of Volunteering【志愿工作的好处】247

2. Benefits of Team Work【团队协作的好处】248

3. Disadvantages of Team Work【团队协作的坏处】250

4. Benefits of Internship【实习的好处】250

5. Benefits of Job Rotation【岗位轮换的好处】252

6. Benefits of a Part-time Job【兼职的好处】252

7. Working at Home【居家工作】253

8. About Money【关于钱】254

9. How to Spend Money Wisely【如何明智地消费】256

10. Benefits of Money Management【资金管理的好处】257

11. Benefits of Budgeting【做预算的好处】258

12. Teaching Children About Money【教孩子理财】259

Chapter 13 语料库：亲情与友情

WRITING MATERIAL BANK: FAMILY AND FRIENDSHIP 261

1. The Importance of Families【家庭的重要性】263

2. Love【爱】265

3. Mothers【母亲】266

4. Fathers【父亲】268

5. Friendship【友谊】269

6. Man’s Best Friend【狗】272

Chapter 14 语料库：其他话题

WRITING MATERIAL BANK: COLLECTION OF OTHER TOPICS 273

1. Books【书籍】275

2. Benefits of Reading Books【读书的好处】276

3. Art Program Types【艺术分类】277

4. Negative Effects of TV【电视的负面影响】278

5. Benefits of Advertising【广告的好处】279

6. Benefits of Goal Setting【设定目标的好处】280

7. The Importance of Planning【计划的重要性】282

8. Embrace Failure【拥抱失败】284

9. Success【成功】285

10. About Cities【关于城市】287

Chapter 15 附录

APPENDIX 289

泛指词和特指词General and Specific Words 291

参考文献Reference 325

现任加拿大多伦多新东方GRE写作班讲师，授课生动活泼，备受学生喜爱。为了满足大家的需要，曾把教学资料和公开课视频在网络发布，如知名留学论坛尚友、太傻，多贝网公开课等，广获好评，人气很高。只要在各大留学网站搜索“小姜老师”，即可了解到。

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写作部分简介<br>Essay OrganizationIntroduction<br>写作部分是TOEFL iBT考试四个部分中的最后一部分。有两部分组成，首先是综合写作（IntegratedWriting<br>Task），然后是独立写作（Independent WritingTask）。考试时，两部分中间没有休息。<br>阅读（3分钟） 230—300词阅读材料<br>综合写作听力（约2分钟） 230—300词听力材料<br>写作（20分钟）要求完成150—225词作文<br>独立写作 写作（30分钟） 完成至少300词作文<br>目前，TOEFLiBT Writing单项评分结合阅卷人和机器评分两方面。综合写作为两阅卷人评分。独立写作为<br>一个阅卷人评分，另外加入e-rator。ETS官方对e-rator 的评价是：“e-rater does an excellent jobof<br>consistently evaluating mechanical aspects oflanguage”。阅卷人和机器评分满分均为为5 分，最小分差为<br>1 分。当两个阅卷人的打分的分差超过1分时，将有第三个阅卷人介入打分。综合写作的两个分数，加上独<br>立写作的两个分数，总和除以4，得到考生的写作分数。最终根据下表（本表仅选录平均分超过3.0部分）<br>将考生分数换算成满分为30 分的对应分数。<br>平均分 换算后分数<br>5.0030<br>4.75 29<br>4.50 28<br>4.25 27<br>4.0025<br>3.75 24<br>3.50 22<br>3.25 21<br>3.0020<br>4<br>Saving MyTOEFL<br>Writing<br>拯救我的TOEFL<br>写作<br>综合写作简介<br>IntegratedWriting Task Introduction<br>考生进入写作部分时，第一道题目是综合写作“IntegratedWriting Task”。这部分的考试过程如下：<br>□ 限时3 分钟，阅读230—300词文章；<br>□ 约2 分钟，听一篇230—300 词材料；<br>□ 限时20分钟，完成一篇150—225词作文。<br>近几年，阅读材料和听力材料的关系通常如下：<br>背景+立场<br>第一分论点+例证<br>第二分论点+例证<br>第三分论点+例证<br>背景+立场<br>第一分论点+例证<br>第二分论点+例证<br>第三分论点+例证<br>ReadingListening<br>反对<br>反对<br>反对<br>反对<br>考生首先限时3分钟阅读一段230—300词的文字，如下图。这段时间里，考生不需要大量地做笔记，因为<br>在写作过程，这篇文章仍然会出现在屏幕左侧。但是，考生最好记录阅读中的关键词汇。<br>5<br>Chapter1<br>托福写作介绍<br>TOEFL WRITINGINTRODUCTION<br>听力过程中，电脑界面类似于下图。听力内容只播放一遍。<br>例如，下文为一篇托福综合写作模拟试题的阅读部分。考生在3分钟阅读时间内需要注意并记录以下几个关<br>键词（下划线斜粗体标出的）。<br>Rembrandt isthe most famous of the seventeenth-century Dutch painters. However,there are doubts<br>whether some paintings attributed toRembrandt were actually painted by him. One such painting isknown<br>as attributed to Rembrandt because of its style, andindeed the representation of the woman’s face is very<br>muchlike that of portraits known to be by Rembrandt. But there areproblems with the painting that suggest it<br>could not be awork by Rembrandt.<br>First, there is something inconsistentabout the way the woman in the portrait is dressed. She is wearinga<br>white linen cap of a kind that only servants wouldwear—yet the coat she is wearing has a luxuriousfur<br>collar that no servant could afford. Rembrandt, whowas known for his attention to the details of hissubjects’<br>clothing, would not have been guilty of such aninconsistency.<br>Second, Rembrandt was a master of paintinglight and shadow, but in this painting these elements do notfit<br>together. The face appears to be illuminated by lightreflected onto it from below. But below the face isthe<br>dark fur collar, which would absorb light rather thanreflect it. So the face should appear partially in<br>shadow—which is not how it appears. Rembrandt would never have made suchan error.<br>Finally, examination of the back of the paintingreveals that it was painted on a panel made of severalpieces<br>of wood glued together. Although Rembrandt oftenpainted on wood panels, no painting known to beby<br>Rembrandt uses a panel glued together in this way fromseveral pieces of wood.<br>For these reasons the painting wasremoved from the official catalog of Rembrandt’s paintings in the1930s.<br>近几年，托福综合写作部分都是，阅读中提出三个观点，然后听力内容分别反驳这三个观点。鉴于此，建议<br>考生在限时3分钟阅读时，做类似下图的笔记。左侧主要分4栏，第一行左边记录阅读中心立场，剩下的3<br>行左边记录阅读中三个分论点的关键词。右侧用于记录听力中的关键词。

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本书作者小姜老师是新东方GRE写作班人气讲师，授课生动活泼，备受学生喜爱。为了满足学生的需要，曾把教学资料和公开课视频在网络发布，如知名留学论坛尚友、太傻，多贝网公开课等，广获好评，现终于出版面世。拯救我的出国考试写作系列共四本，分别为《拯救我的新GRE写作（Issue）》《拯救我的新GRE写作（Argument）》《拯救我的TOEFL写作》《拯救我的SAT写作》。写作考试中*终要的就是写作的模板+语料素材，本丛书共同的特色就是通过检索式编排，提供实用语料素材，给出应试策略、题库分析和实战指导等帮助读者建立自己的写作模板，以在考试用不变应万变，从容应试。其中，TOEFL写作强调写作基本技能，提供了更多的写作的基础知识。GREIssue和Argument两本，强调提高读者的思辨能力。而SAT更强调丰富读者史实例证方面的语料。需要出国考研的读者，请阅读TOEFL+GRE写作组合，需要出国读本科的读者，请阅读TOEFL+SAT写作组合。

媒体评论

新东方写作人气讲师，尚友留学论坛网络红人、多贝网络公开课备受学生推崇的小姜老师数载教学精华整理！超实用的应试策略+题库分析+万用摸板+写作素材=从GRE零基础到高分作文。好评如潮的试读版资料+实战指导+检索式编排=考生翘首企盼的出国考试写作宝典。

前言

新东方写作人气讲师，尚友、李开复多贝公开课力荐小姜老师多年教学精华整理！

书籍介绍

本书针对托福写作部分，为考生提供全新优化备考方案，包括详尽的托福写作指

导和实用的语料素材。写作指导旨在解决考生在写作中的实际难题，如文章组织、文

章发展和语言组织三大方面的内容，帮助考生开发出自己的写作模板，从而轻松应考；

针对大多考生在写作中的短板，如语言组织过于简单、语料匮乏等情况，本书将托福

历年考题分成8 个大类，为考生提供相关类别的常考话题语料和素材。同时，还给出

超过8 000个常用短语，近20 类、超过200 句常用名言，希望考生能够在平时写作中

反复练习使用，在实战中灵活应用。